In
previous issues of the newsletter we translated Tang poems of the lofty
sort, from Li Bai’s spirit poems to Han Shan’s contemplations on Cold
Mountain. In this issue we turn our attention to classical poetry
about more worldly themes with translations of two poems by the late
Tang poet Du Mu. These are both unmistakably poems of the flesh;
they underscore part of what we find so remarkable about Tang poetry –
a voluminous body of work (created over the course of the Tang
dynasty’s 300 years), spanning literary modes from the lyrical and
spiritual to the explicitly sensual. Indeed, the Tang Spirit
extends across the full range of human experience.
Going back to the very earliest Chinese literature, there were a
number poems and songs that dealt with romantic themes. The
Shijing (which is the oldest collection of verse dating back to the Han
dynasty prior to 200 BC) features striking love poems, including the
ballad of Zhong Zi, with its lovely refrain (as translated by William
Nienhasuer Jr.) –
Dispatched from the Heart Down and out By rivers and lakes A bottle of wine in hand A slender girl With a narrow waist Light in the palm of my hand Yet ten years is A long time to nap Lost in dreams of Yangzhou Laying claim to a place On Blue House street Indeed is a meager reward |
遣懷 落魄江湖載酒行 楚腰纖細掌中輕 十年一覺揚州夢 贏得青樓薄倖名 |
Ballad of Zhang Hao Hao Noble and carefree When I first saw her A pretty local maiden of Thirteen years plus a few months She was like a young Phoenix About to sprout its tail Or a fresh bud emergent From the comely Lotus In a pavilion high On the banks of the Zhang That reached half-way to heaven Just where the river blends Into the green horizon She had come to sing before Assembled magistrates Who were stretched out On their fine straw mats As the host attended To his recumbent guests We were astounded to hear The first quavering notes That issued forth from this Child of Wu So sweetly she sang An ethereal verse I must sing her praises Modest yet shining still In her low draped gown Her hair coiled in buns Double stacked Her youthful beauty Transparent in a gauzy Short coat with sleeves That hung low Her voice was full Of longing As pure as the cry Of a baby Phoenix A string accompaniment Played intermittently Keeping the beat while The melody also issued forth From the woodwinds With quivering reeds But her voice soared above All this background music You could hear it clearly As birdlike it ascended Into the clouds above The host sighed deeply Over and over again At a loss for words As her song sounded different From all else under Heaven And the girl was showered With presents such as A brocade embroidered With a winged horse And a priceless Rhino pin Thereafter at Long Sha park We watched autumn take hold And the bright moon rising Over East Lake We saw each other Very frequently If three days Went by without It seemed quite a long time And as a jade crescent Is followed by The full moon So my delight in her soon Reached full bloom Full of springtime And leisure Her lips were purple red Graceful light and easy She conveyed herself forward As if treading the clouds Modest and gentle still But then her musical troop Suddenly decamped by boat Following her master’s Appointment up north Where frost covered the trees By Xie Tiao’s mansion Until the sun returned To warm the sands and flowers Along the banks of Gou Creek So it goes that all bodies Are consigned to the dust Which means we might as well Hoist the bottle high And drink merrily Just as this band of minstrels Apparently did Carrying on with Their Fu ballads In the grandest manner Of Sima Xiangru With a jade brooch pinned To the girdle and Borne aloft on a litter Of purple clouds Yet deep in time’s cave The distant waters drip And the shadows scuttle Along the moon’s high surface And so it was a few years later After the drunken revelers had All completely dispersed That I next saw her Back in Lo Yang Where she was working As a cook for a spell At an Inn in the city And she looked quite unwell It was strange What she said to me -- She said she wondered What hardships Had befallen me To make one So young in years Prematurely shaggy And gray But really it was My dear friend Zhang Hao Hao Who now seemed To be firmly held in Hardship’s grip Down and out lower Than seemed possible She sat on a stoop In the doorway Bitterly weeping While clouds and cold waters Of autumn brought on A sudden deep chill And the sunlight slanted Across the western sky For a moment daylight itself Seemed suspended Like a graceful willow A cool wind raked the block And Zhang Hao Hao sat on the curb Her face streaming with tears Singing the saddest ballad I had ever heard |
张好好诗
君为豫章姝,十三才有馀。
翠茁凤生尾,丹叶莲含跗。 高阁倚天半,章江联碧虚。 此地试君唱,特使华筵铺。 主人顾四座,始讶来踟蹰。 吴娃起引赞,低徊映长裾。 双鬟可高下,才过青罗襦。 盼盼乍垂袖,一声雏凤呼。 繁弦迸关纽,塞管裂圆芦。 众音不能逐,袅袅穿云衢。 主人再三叹,谓言天下殊。 赠之天马锦,副以水犀梳。 龙沙看秋浪,明月游朱湖。 自此每相见,三日已为疏。 玉质随月满,艳态逐春舒。 绛唇渐轻巧,云步转虚徐。 旌旆忽东下,笙歌随舳舻。 霜凋谢楼树,沙暖句溪蒲。 身外任尘土,樽前极欢娱。 飘然集仙客,讽赋欺相如。 聘之碧瑶珮,载以紫云车。 洞闭水声远,月高蟾影孤。 尔来未几岁,散尽高阳徒。 洛城重相见,婥婥为当垆。 怪我苦何事,少年垂白须。 朋游今在否,落拓更能无。 门馆恸哭后,水云秋景初。 斜日挂衰柳,凉风生座隅。 洒尽满襟泪,短歌聊一书。 |
This ballad is remarkable in one other way. There is a calligraphic scroll that hangs today in the Palace Museum in Beijing with a copy of the poem that was written by Du Mu himself. This may be the oldest existing poetry manuscript in the world written in the poet’s own hand. The scroll itself has an interesting history as it was apparently one of the few items carried out of the Imperial Palace by the last Emperor, Puyi, in 1912 and only thanks to Zhang Boju (a 20th century master calligrapher) it ended up being returned to the Palace in 1956 where it has hung ever since; the art critics of the Communist Party apparently overcoming their scruples for political correctness enough to recognize the historical and cultural significance of this of this Tang masterpiece.
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The Tang Spirit web site has been developed as a joint effort by Joe Lamport and Steve Zhang. Our goal is to help preserve and promote the spirit of Tang poetry. Whether you are new to Tang poetry or already an enthusiast, a student of Chinese or a lover of poetry, we hope you'll visit our site and find something of interest there.